What Is a Walk-Through in Real Estate?

A real estate walk-through is a final inspection of a property by a prospective buyer before the official closing of a home purchase. This inspection ensures the property aligns with the terms outlined in the purchase agreement. It is distinct from an initial home inspection, focusing on verifying the property’s current state immediately prior to ownership transfer.

Understanding the Purpose and Timing

The purpose of a real estate walk-through is to ensure the property remains in the same condition as when the purchase agreement was signed. Buyers confirm that any agreed-upon repairs have been completed satisfactorily. They also verify that no new damage has occurred since their last visit, such as during the seller’s move-out process.

This final inspection typically occurs within 24 to 48 hours of closing, or even on the day itself. Scheduling it after the seller has moved out is often preferred, as it provides a clearer view of the property’s condition without personal belongings obstructing the view. This timing provides the buyer with the most current assessment of the home before finalizing the transaction.

Key Areas to Inspect

Preparing for a walk-through involves knowing what to inspect. Buyers should review their purchase agreement to confirm specific items included in the sale (e.g., appliances, fixtures) and all agreed-upon repairs. Bringing the home inspection report is also helpful to cross-reference identified issues and verify their resolution.

Inside the property, buyers should test all major appliances, including the oven, dishwasher, refrigerator, washer, and dryer. For plumbing, run water in all sinks, flush toilets, and check for leaks under cabinets. Test electrical systems by flipping light switches and using a small device, such as a phone charger, to check outlets.

The heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system should be run through all modes. Inspect walls, floors, and ceilings for new cracks, water stains, or damage from moving. Outside, buyers should check the roof, foundation, and exterior walls for any new issues, and ensure all debris or items not included in the sale have been removed.

The Walk-Through Process and Next Steps

During the walk-through, a systematic approach helps ensure thoroughness. Buyers should move through each room methodically, testing every fixture and appliance. For example, turn on all faucets to check water pressure and drainage, and open and close all windows and doors to ensure they operate smoothly. Document any observed issues by taking clear photographs or videos.

If problems are discovered, such as new damage or incomplete repairs, communicate immediately with the real estate agent. The agent can then facilitate discussions with the seller’s agent to negotiate a resolution. Potential solutions include the seller making the repair before closing, offering a credit to the buyer at closing, or establishing a “holdback” where a portion of the seller’s proceeds is held in escrow until the repair is completed.

Once the walk-through is completed with no outstanding issues or with agreed-upon resolutions, the path to closing is clear. This final verification allows the buyer to proceed confidently to the closing table, where ownership of the property is formally transferred. A smooth walk-through helps ensure a positive transition into homeownership.