What Is a PIN Number on a Credit Card?

A Personal Identification Number (PIN) is a crucial security element for credit card transactions. This numerical code verifies your identity, adding a layer of protection against unauthorized use. Understanding how PINs function is important for secure and efficient financial interactions, especially with the widespread adoption of chip-enabled cards and digital payment systems.

What a PIN Is

A PIN is a confidential, four-digit numerical code used to verify the cardholder’s identity during transactions. Its purpose is to ensure the person using the credit card is authorized. While U.S. credit card purchases often rely on signatures or contactless payment, a PIN is regularly required for specific actions, such as cash advances at ATMs and certain international transactions, especially in regions that widely use “chip-and-PIN” systems.

A PIN is distinct from other numbers found on your credit card, like the 16-digit card number or the Card Verification Value (CVV/CVC) security code. The card number identifies your account, and the CVV secures online or phone transactions where the physical card isn’t present. In contrast, the PIN is a secret code known only to you, serving as an authentication factor for in-person transactions.

How to Use Your PIN

For point-of-sale (POS) purchases, insert your credit card into a chip reader at the terminal. The terminal will prompt you to enter your four-digit PIN on a keypad. Confirm the entry to authorize the transaction, and the system verifies the PIN against the one stored with your card issuer. This process helps ensure that only the legitimate cardholder is completing the purchase.

For ATM cash withdrawals, the steps are similar. Insert your credit card into the ATM, select the desired transaction type, and then enter your PIN when prompted. The ATM processes the request and dispenses the cash if the PIN is correct and funds are available. Incorrect PIN entries, usually three to four attempts, can temporarily lock the card for security.

Obtaining and Changing Your PIN

When you first receive a new credit card, your PIN may be sent in a separate mailing for security purposes, or you might select one during activation. Card issuers allow you to set or retrieve your PIN through their online banking portal or mobile app. If you forget your PIN, you can request a reminder or set a new one by contacting your credit card issuer’s customer service, typically via phone or online.

Changing an existing PIN can be done through several methods. Many card issuers allow you to change your PIN at an ATM by inserting your card and following the on-screen prompts. Online banking platforms and mobile apps also offer options to update your PIN securely, often requiring a one-time password (OTP) for verification. Speaking with a customer service representative over the phone is another common way to request a PIN change or a new PIN mailer.

Keeping Your PIN Secure

Protecting your PIN is paramount to safeguarding your credit card and financial information. It is crucial to memorize your PIN and never write it down, especially not on the card itself or in a location where it could be easily found with your card. Sharing your PIN with anyone, including family members or bank employees, should be avoided, as financial institutions will never ask for your full PIN over the phone or in emails.

When entering your PIN at a point-of-sale terminal or ATM, always cover the keypad with your other hand to prevent others from seeing the numbers you input. Choosing a unique and difficult-to-guess PIN is a strong security practice; avoid using easily identifiable numbers like birth dates, phone numbers, or simple sequences such as “1234.” Regularly reviewing your card statements for unauthorized activity helps in maintaining security.