What Do Insurance Inspectors Look For?

An insurance inspection serves as a standard process for insurance companies to evaluate a property. These assessments help insurers determine the potential risks associated with a new policy or the renewal of an existing one. The inspection results provide information about the property’s condition, which can influence policy eligibility and pricing. Insurers use this diligence to assess potential claims and calculate appropriate premiums for various types of property insurance.

Exterior Property Assessment

An insurance inspector examines the property’s exterior. This assessment includes the roof’s condition, estimated age, materials, and signs of damage like missing shingles or inadequate drainage. They also observe the foundation for visible cracks, indicators of settling, and proper grading that directs water away from the structure. Exterior walls are inspected for the material type, overall condition, signs of rot, and the state of the paint.

Windows and doors are checked for their general condition, security features, and proper weather sealing. The inspector also assesses attached structures such as decks, porches, stairs, and railings for safety and condition. The overall grounds are reviewed for proper drainage, the presence of large trees overhanging the building, and clutter or debris that might pose a hazard. Detached structures like sheds, garages, and fences are also evaluated for their condition and potential hazards.

Interior Property Assessment

Within the property, an insurance inspector focuses on major systems to evaluate condition and safety. The electrical system is examined, including visible wiring, the electrical panel’s condition, circuit breakers, adequate outlets, and signs of overheating. Inspectors look for outdated wiring types, such as knob-and-tube or aluminum, which can pose fire hazards and impact insurability. The plumbing system is assessed for visible leaks, pipe materials, the age and condition of the water heater, and any signs of past water damage like stains or mold.

Heating and cooling systems, including the HVAC unit type, age, condition, and ventilation, are inspected. An inspector checks for proper airflow, clean filters, and signs of water leaks from the unit. The general interior condition is observed, with attention to flooring, walls, and ceilings for signs of water damage, structural issues, or hazardous materials. Common safety features are checked, such as smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, handrails on stairs, and fire extinguishers. Other interior hazards, like unvented heaters or wood-burning stoves, are noted.

Information Review and Interview

Beyond the physical assessment, an insurance inspection includes reviewing documentation and discussing with the property owner. Inspectors may request or review permits for significant renovations or additions, such as roof replacements, major electrical upgrades, or structural changes. Maintenance records for major systems, including HVAC servicing or furnace inspections, can also be relevant. Previous inspection reports are also reviewed to understand the property’s history.

The inspector asks the property owner about the property’s history, past insurance claims, and recent upgrades. Questions may cover details like the water heater’s age if not visually apparent. This information provides contextual insights that complement the physical assessment, helping the insurer understand the property’s risk profile.

Preparing for the Inspection Visit

Property owners can take steps to prepare for an insurance inspection. Ensure clear access to all areas, including the attic, crawl space, electrical panel, and utility closets. Clear exterior debris and ensure access to outdoor structures. Organize relevant documents, such as receipts for new roofs or HVAC systems, and permits for major renovations.

Addressing obvious minor maintenance issues before the visit is advisable. This might include fixing a dripping faucet, securing a loose handrail, or clearing debris from the yard. Secure pets away from the inspection area to ensure safety and an unobstructed assessment. The property owner or a responsible adult should be available during the inspection to provide access and answer questions.