What Are 609 Letters and How Do They Work?

Credit reports influence an individual’s financial life, from loan approvals to housing applications. When consumers discover inaccuracies, a 609 letter can address these concerns with credit reporting agencies. This letter is a formal method to seek clarification or correction of reported information.

What a 609 Letter Is

A 609 letter is sent to credit reporting agencies to request information about items on a credit report. Its name originates from Section 609 of the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA), a federal law promoting the accuracy, fairness, and privacy of consumer credit information. This section grants consumers the right to access all information in their credit files, including the sources of that information.

The primary purpose of a 609 letter is to prompt credit bureaus to verify the accuracy and completeness of reported data, especially negative or disputed items. While not a direct dispute, it requests the underlying documentation that supports entries on a credit report. If the credit bureau cannot provide sufficient documentation to verify an item’s accuracy, they may be compelled to remove it from the credit report. This ensures a consumer’s credit file is accurate.

Preparing Your 609 Letter

Crafting a 609 letter requires specific details for effective processing. Begin by clearly stating your full name, current address, phone number, date of birth, and Social Security number. These personal identifiers help the credit reporting agency accurately locate your credit file.

Next, identify the specific account or accounts you are questioning, providing the account name and number for each item. Clearly explain why you believe the information is inaccurate or incomplete. Include a statement asserting your rights under Section 609, requesting the original source or documentation for the disputed items.

Supporting documentation is also important for your letter. This may include copies of your government-issued identification, a recent utility bill, or documents supporting your claim, such as payment records or court documents. Send copies of these documents, not originals, and keep personal records of everything you send.

Submitting Your 609 Letter

After preparing your 609 letter, ensure proper delivery and tracking. Send the letter via certified mail with a return receipt requested, which provides proof of mailing and confirmation of delivery. Always retain a complete copy of the letter and all enclosed documents for your records.

After submission, credit bureaus are required to investigate the request and respond within 30 to 45 days. The outcome might involve the removal or correction of the disputed item if it cannot be verified, or a confirmation that the item is accurate and will remain on your report. If the response is not satisfactory, consumers have further options, such as filing complaints with consumer protection agencies.