Is It Safe to Write Your SSN on a Check to the IRS?
Learn whether it's secure to include your SSN on IRS checks, explore alternative identification methods, and understand best practices for tax payment processing.
Providing your Social Security Number (SSN) on a check to the IRS may seem routine, but it raises security concerns. With financial fraud on the rise, many taxpayers wonder if including such sensitive information is necessary or if safer alternatives exist.
Reason Identification Numbers Are Used
The IRS processes millions of payments annually and relies on unique identification numbers to apply funds correctly. Without them, errors could result in penalties or interest for perceived nonpayment.
The IRS primarily uses Taxpayer Identification Numbers (TINs), including SSNs for individuals and Employer Identification Numbers (EINs) for businesses. These numbers appear on tax returns, estimated tax payments, and installment agreements. When a payment is received, the IRS cross-references the identification number with its database to ensure proper allocation.
Identification numbers also prevent mix-ups when multiple taxpayers have similar names. For example, if two individuals named John Smith submit payments, their SSNs distinguish them. This is especially important for joint filers, estates, and trusts, where multiple parties may be involved.
IRS Guidance for Tax Payments
To ensure payments are processed correctly, the IRS advises taxpayers to include the tax year, form number, and an identifying number on their checks.
Checks should be made payable to the “United States Treasury” rather than the IRS to reduce fraud risks. The IRS also discourages sending cash, as it cannot be tracked or replaced if lost.
Payments should be mailed to the correct IRS address based on location and tax type. These addresses are updated regularly on the IRS website.
For a more secure option, taxpayers can use electronic payment methods like Direct Pay and the Electronic Federal Tax Payment System (EFTPS), which provide instant confirmation. Credit and debit card payments are also available, though third-party processors charge fees.
Alternate Ways to Reference Your Tax Account
Including an identifying number on a check helps ensure proper processing, but writing an SSN isn’t the only option.
One alternative is referencing a tax notice or letter from the IRS. Many official correspondences include a unique identifying number, such as a CP or LTR code, which links directly to the taxpayer’s account.
Taxpayers with an online IRS account can use an Electronic Filing PIN or account transcript number. These identifiers are tied to the taxpayer’s record but carry less fraud risk than an SSN.
For estimated tax payments, the voucher number from Form 1040-ES specifies the intended tax period and amount due, ensuring proper application without an SSN.
Confirming Payment Processing
After sending a payment, taxpayers should verify that it has been credited to their account. Tax transcripts, accessible through the IRS online portal, update once payments are posted. If a payment does not appear within 21 days for checks or five days for electronic transactions, contacting the IRS may be necessary.
Bank transactions also confirm payment. When a check is cashed, the IRS endorsement appears on the back, indicating processing. For electronic payments, confirmation emails from Direct Pay or EFTPS serve as proof.
Keeping copies of all payment records, including check images, bank statements, or confirmation emails, is advisable for future reference.