How to Get a Copy of Previous Tax Returns

Accessing previous tax returns is often necessary for various financial activities, such as applying for a mortgage or student loan, preparing current tax filings, or verifying income. These documents provide a comprehensive record of your financial history. This guide details how to obtain copies of your past tax documents from federal and state agencies.

Understanding Your Options for Copies

When seeking federal tax records from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), two primary types of documents are available: tax transcripts and exact tax return copies. Tax transcripts offer a summary of information from your filed return, not a full photocopy. They typically include most line items from your original Form 1040-series return, adjusted gross income (AGI), filing status, and payment types.

The IRS provides several types of transcripts: the Tax Return Transcript shows most line items from your original tax return; the Tax Account Transcript provides basic data and any changes made after filing; a Record of Account Transcript combines elements of both; and a Wage and Income Transcript displays data from information returns like Forms W-2 and 1099. Transcripts are generally free and often suffice for purposes like loan applications or financial aid.

Conversely, actual tax return copies are exact duplicates of your filed tax return, including all submitted forms and schedules. These are typically needed less often than transcripts, come with a fee per return, and involve a longer waiting period. Deciding which document type best fits your needs is an important first step.

Gathering Required Information

Before initiating any request for federal tax documents, compile specific personal and tax-related details. Having this information readily available helps prevent delays and ensures accuracy when interacting with tax agencies.

You will need your Social Security Number (SSN) or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN), and your date of birth. The mailing address used on your most recently filed tax return is necessary for identity verification and delivery.

Be prepared to provide your filing status for the specific tax year(s) you are requesting. For online access, your Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) from the previous year’s tax return is often used for identity verification. Clearly identify the exact tax year or years for which you need the records.

Requesting Federal Tax Transcripts

Obtaining federal tax transcripts from the IRS can be accomplished through several methods. The quickest way to receive a transcript is often through the IRS online tool, which allows for immediate access to your tax information.

To request transcripts online, visit the IRS “Get Transcript Online” tool. You will need to create or sign into an account, verifying your identity using personal information and financial account details (e.g., credit card or loan account number), and may receive a confirmation code via text. Once authenticated, you can select the desired transcript type and tax year, then view, print, or download the transcript immediately. This service typically provides information for the current and past nine tax years.

Alternatively, you can request transcripts by mail using the “Get Transcript by Mail” option on the IRS website or through an automated phone service at 800-908-9946. The transcript will be mailed to the address the IRS has on file, usually arriving within 5 to 10 calendar days. When calling, be ready to provide your Social Security Number and street address for verification. These options are free.

Requesting Federal Tax Return Copies

For situations requiring a complete copy of your federal tax return, including all forms and schedules, use IRS Form 4506, Request for Copy of Tax Return. This form is designed for obtaining exact duplicates of previously filed returns, and is distinct from transcript requests which provide only summaries.

You can download Form 4506 directly from the IRS website. When completing the form, accurately fill in your Social Security Number, the address from the tax return, and the specific tax year(s) for which you need copies. A fee of $43 for each tax return copy is required; payment instructions are provided with the form.

After completing and signing Form 4506, mail it to the appropriate IRS address, determined by the state you lived in when the return was filed. Processing these requests can take a significant amount of time, typically up to 75 calendar days or more. This longer timeframe means careful planning is advisable if you have an urgent need for an exact return copy.

Obtaining State Tax Returns

The process for obtaining copies of state tax returns differs from federal procedures, as each state manages its own tax administration. Each state has a dedicated tax agency, often called the Department of Revenue, responsible for handling state-level tax matters and maintaining records of state tax filings.

To access your state tax returns, visit your specific state’s tax agency website. These websites typically provide detailed instructions and forms for requesting past tax records. While methods vary by state, common options include online portals, mail-in request forms, or phone requests.

Similar to federal requests, you will likely need to provide identifying information such as your Social Security Number, date of birth, and the address used on the filed state return. Fees and processing times for obtaining state tax return copies can also vary significantly by state. Consulting the official state tax agency website is the most reliable way to determine the precise requirements and procedures.