How Many Digits Is an IP PIN and How Is It Used?

Tax-related identity theft is a growing concern, with fraudsters filing fake tax returns to claim refunds. To combat this, the IRS provides an Identity Protection Personal Identification Number (IP PIN) to eligible taxpayers. This unique code verifies a filer’s identity and prevents unauthorized use of their Social Security number on fraudulent returns.

Understanding how the IP PIN works is essential. It secures tax filings, but managing it properly is necessary to avoid delays with your return.

IP PIN Format and Length

The IP PIN is a six-digit code issued by the IRS. Unlike Social Security numbers or Employer Identification Numbers, which have nine digits, the shorter format balances security with ease of use. The IRS generates a new IP PIN each year so a compromised number from a previous year cannot be reused.

Each IP PIN is randomly assigned with no predictable pattern, making it difficult for fraudsters to guess. With one million possible combinations, the six-digit format enhances security. Unlike other IRS-issued identification numbers, the IP PIN is used only for tax-related purposes and is not tied to financial accounts or credit history.

How to Request or Retrieve an IP PIN

Taxpayers can obtain an IP PIN through the IRS’s online tool, Get an IP PIN, which requires identity verification. This involves answering questions based on credit history, tax records, or other personal data. Those unable to pass this verification can apply by filing Form 15227 if they meet the income requirements or may need to schedule an in-person appointment at a Taxpayer Assistance Center.

The IRS does not mail the IP PIN unless the taxpayer is part of the automatic enrollment group. Individuals who lose or forget their code can retrieve it online if they verify their identity again. If online access is unavailable, they must call the IRS and complete additional verification steps before receiving a replacement.

Using the IP PIN on Tax Documents

When filing a tax return, the IP PIN serves as an additional layer of identity verification. It must be entered correctly to avoid processing delays or rejection. Electronic tax software includes a designated field for the IP PIN, and entering an incorrect number results in rejection. For paper returns, the IP PIN must be written in the appropriate section before mailing.

Tax preparers cannot retrieve a client’s IP PIN on their behalf, so taxpayers must provide it directly to their accountant or tax professional. Individuals using the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) or Tax Counseling for the Elderly (TCE) programs should bring their IP PIN to appointments, as these services require it for accurate submission.

Handling Changes to Your IP PIN

Taxpayers enrolled in the IP PIN program receive a new number each year, but certain situations may require immediate updates. If the IRS detects suspicious activity on a tax account, it may issue a revised IP PIN as a precaution. If a taxpayer’s personal information has been exposed due to a data breach, the IRS may recommend requesting a new IP PIN outside of the standard annual cycle.

Errors in IRS records, such as incorrect name changes or mismatched Social Security details, can also affect an IP PIN’s validity. Taxpayers must update their information with the Social Security Administration before the IRS can generate a corrected PIN. Delays in resolving these issues may lead to return rejections, requiring additional verification before processing.