How Long Does It Take to Get an EIN Number?
Understand the different methods to apply for an Employer Identification Number (EIN) and the key factors that determine how quickly you'll receive it.
An Employer Identification Number (EIN) is a unique nine-digit federal tax identification number, similar to a Social Security Number for individuals, assigned by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Businesses require an EIN for various tax purposes, including filing federal and state taxes, opening business bank accounts, and hiring employees.
Applying Online for Immediate Issuance
The quickest and most common method for obtaining an EIN is through the IRS online application system, which typically results in immediate issuance. This streamlined process typically results in immediate issuance of the EIN upon successful completion. To be eligible for online application, the business’s principal place of business must be located within the U.S. or its territories. The responsible party must possess a valid Taxpayer Identification Number, such as a Social Security Number (SSN), Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN), or an existing EIN.
The online application is an interactive interview on the IRS website. Applicants provide key business information, including legal name, physical address, entity type (e.g., sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, or Limited Liability Company), and reason for applying (e.g., starting a new business or hiring employees). After validation, the EIN is issued instantly in a downloadable PDF format. It is important to complete the application in a single session, as the system may time out after 15 minutes of inactivity.
Alternative Application Methods and Their Timelines
Alternative methods are available for applicants who cannot use the online system, such as international applicants or those without a qualifying Taxpayer Identification Number. These methods include fax, mail, and for international applicants, phone. Each approach requires completing Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number.
Applying for an EIN by fax involves completing Form SS-4 and sending it to the appropriate IRS fax number. For U.S. businesses, the fax number is 855-641-6935. International applicants should use 304-707-9471. If a return fax number is provided, the IRS typically faxes the EIN confirmation within four business days.
Submitting Form SS-4 by mail is the slowest application method. For domestic businesses, mail the form to Internal Revenue Service, Attn: EIN Operation, Cincinnati, OH 45999. International applicants mail forms to Internal Revenue Service, Attn: EIN International Operation, Cincinnati, OH 45999. Processing times are typically four to five weeks.
International applicants without a U.S. residence or principal place of business can apply for an EIN by phone. This method offers immediate issuance, provided all necessary Form SS-4 information is ready. The dedicated phone number for international EIN applicants is 267-941-1099, available Monday through Friday, 6:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. Eastern Time.
Factors Influencing Processing Time
Several factors can influence how long it takes to receive an EIN. Incomplete or inaccurate information, such as missing fields or incorrect addresses, is a common reason for delays or rejection. The entity’s legal name, the responsible party’s Taxpayer Identification Number, and the business address must be precise and match official records.
Applying for an EIN when one is not needed, or when an entity already possesses an EIN, can cause complications. A new EIN is generally required only when there is a change in the entity’s ownership or structure. High volume periods for the IRS or technical issues can lead to extended wait times, especially for fax and mail applications. Repeatedly faxing an application can create confusion and potentially lead to duplicate EINs or further delays.
Receiving and Utilizing Your EIN
Confirmation varies by application method. For online applications, the EIN is provided immediately on-screen and can be printed or saved as a PDF confirmation notice. For fax applications, confirmation is typically returned via fax. If applying by mail, the IRS sends an official confirmation letter (CP-575) to the provided mailing address. This letter contains the official EIN, the business’s legal name and address, and the assignment date.
After receiving the EIN, it is important to keep the confirmation letter or notice in a secure location, as it serves as official proof of your business’s federal tax identification number. The EIN can then be immediately utilized for various business needs. Primary uses include opening a business bank account, which most financial institutions require along with formation documents. The EIN is also necessary for applying for business licenses and permits, filing federal and state tax returns, and hiring employees. While the EIN is available for most uses immediately, certain electronic tax functions, such as e-filing a tax return or making electronic tax deposits, may require a waiting period of up to two weeks for the EIN to be fully processed within IRS systems.