Can an L2 Child Get an SSN? Eligibility and Application Process
Explore the eligibility and application process for obtaining an SSN for an L2 child, including necessary documentation and alternative ID options.
Understanding whether an L2 child, a dependent of an L1 visa holder, can obtain a Social Security Number (SSN) is crucial for families navigating the U.S. immigration system. An SSN is essential for tax purposes and accessing various services and benefits in the United States.
This article explains the eligibility criteria and application process for obtaining an SSN for an L2 child, providing parents with the information needed to secure this important identification number.
Eligibility Requirements
L2 visa holders are dependents of L1 visa holders, accompanying the primary visa holder to the United States. L2 children are not automatically eligible for an SSN but may qualify if they secure employment authorization. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) issues Employment Authorization Documents (EADs), which are required for SSN eligibility.
Eligibility for an SSN is tied to legal work authorization. To obtain an EAD, L2 children must submit Form I-765 to USCIS, along with supporting documents such as proof of identity and a copy of the L2 visa. Once the EAD is approved, the child becomes eligible to apply for an SSN, as the Social Security Administration (SSA) requires proof of work authorization for non-citizens.
Required Forms and Documentation
To apply for an SSN for an L2 child, the primary requirement is the Employment Authorization Document (EAD), which establishes their legal right to work in the U.S. This document is issued by USCIS and is essential for non-citizen dependents seeking an SSN.
In addition to the EAD, applicants must provide proof of identity, such as a valid passport or birth certificate translated into English if necessary. Proof of immigration status, typically the L2 visa, is also required to confirm the child’s legal presence in the U.S.
Documentation demonstrating residency, such as a rental agreement, utility bill, or school record, may also be necessary. Ensuring all documents are current and accurate helps avoid delays in the application process.
Application Process
The process for obtaining an SSN for an L2 child involves several steps. Start by gathering all required documents before visiting the Social Security Administration (SSA) office. Scheduling an appointment with the local SSA office can streamline the process.
At the SSA office, complete Form SS-5, the application for a Social Security card. The form requires accurate personal information, including the applicant’s full name, date of birth, and place of birth. The SSA representative will review the submitted documents to verify their authenticity.
After submission, the SSA begins processing the application. Receiving the SSN typically takes two to four weeks. During this time, staying in contact with the SSA office can help address any additional requests or issues that may arise.
Other Identification Options
For families seeking alternatives to an SSN for an L2 child, Individual Taxpayer Identification Numbers (ITINs) are available. Issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), ITINs are for individuals who need to meet tax obligations but are not eligible for an SSN. This number allows L2 children to be included on tax returns and ensures compliance with U.S. tax laws.
To obtain an ITIN, file Form W-7 with the IRS, along with documentation proving identity and foreign status. ITIN applications can be submitted with a tax return or through an IRS-authorized Acceptance Agent. However, ITINs are strictly for tax purposes and do not grant work authorization or access to Social Security benefits.