Are Guns Expensive? A Look at the True Cost

Gun ownership involves financial considerations that extend far beyond the initial purchase price of a firearm. Many prospective owners focus solely on the sticker price, overlooking the ongoing and ancillary expenses that contribute to the complete financial picture. Understanding these various costs helps individuals budget appropriately and make informed decisions about firearm acquisition and maintenance.

Initial Acquisition Costs

The upfront financial outlay to acquire a firearm and prepare it for use constitutes the first set of expenses. The price of the firearm itself varies considerably based on type, manufacturer, model, and condition. Handguns generally range from $300 to over $1,000, while rifles can cost between $350 and $2,000 or more, and shotguns typically fall within the $200 to $1,000 range. Used firearms often present a more economical option, with prices potentially lower than new models.

Beyond the firearm’s price, several accessories are often necessary for safe and legal ownership. A basic gun lock might cost between $10 and $30. Cleaning kits, essential for maintenance, can range from $20 to $100, and a transport case typically costs $20 to $100.

Licensing and permit fees represent another initial cost, varying widely depending on local regulations. Application fees for permits or licenses to purchase or own a firearm can range from $10 to $300. Some jurisdictions mandate training courses as a prerequisite, with basic firearm safety classes costing around $80 to $200.

When purchasing a firearm through a dealer, Federal Firearm License (FFL) transfer fees apply. These fees, which cover the dealer’s processing and background check costs, typically range from $20 to $75. The FFL dealer facilitates legal transfer and compliance with federal regulations.

Recurring Ownership Costs

Beyond the initial purchase, firearm ownership involves ongoing expenses for maintenance and regular use. Ammunition stands out as a significant recurring cost, with prices fluctuating based on caliber, type, and quantity. Common calibers like 9mm training ammunition might cost $0.34 to $0.42 per round, or $18-$20 for a box of 50. Rifle ammunition, such as .223 Remington or 5.56 NATO, can range from $0.40 to $0.70 per round. Defensive ammunition typically costs more than standard range ammunition.

Using a firearm regularly requires access to shooting facilities, incurring range fees or membership costs. Hourly range fees typically fall between $15 and $30. Annual memberships for private shooting clubs can range from $200 to $600, with some premium options exceeding $1,000 per year. Memberships often provide benefits such as unlimited range time, discounts on other services, and access to exclusive facilities.

Maintaining a firearm in good working order necessitates regular cleaning and maintenance supplies. This includes cleaning solvents, lubricants, brushes, and patches. Individual cleaning components can range from a few dollars to $20, with complete kits starting around $25 and going up to $200 or more.

Many owners opt for additional training beyond any initial mandatory courses to enhance their skills and safety. Basic advanced shooting classes, focusing on marksmanship or defensive techniques, might cost $100 to $500 per course. Specialized or multi-day tactical training can exceed $1,000, representing a continuous investment in proficiency and responsible firearm handling.

Additional Financial Considerations

Several other financial factors contribute to the comprehensive cost of firearm ownership, often overlooked during initial planning. Secure storage solutions are a notable expense, important for safety and often a legal requirement. Basic gun cabinets can range from $100 to $400, while more robust, fire-rated gun safes can cost anywhere from $500 to over $5,000, depending on size, security features, and capacity.

Firearm ownership can also affect insurance coverage. While standard homeowner’s insurance policies typically cover firearms as personal property against theft or damage, limits often apply, such as $2,500 for a collection. Owners with more valuable collections may need to purchase additional coverage, known as a rider or endorsement, which can increase premiums. Specialized firearms insurance policies are also available to cover liability or accidental damage not typically included in standard homeowner’s policies.

Many firearm owners choose to customize their weapons with various accessories and upgrades. These can include optics like red dot sights or scopes, which might cost $100 to over $1,000. Other common additions include lights, lasers, and ergonomic grips, each adding to the overall investment.

Taxes also contribute to the final cost of firearm purchases and related items. State and local sales tax applies to firearm sales, varying by jurisdiction. A federal excise tax, imposed under Internal Revenue Code Section 4181, applies to firearms and ammunition at the manufacturer or importer level. This tax is 10% of the manufacturer’s price for pistols and revolvers and 11% for other firearms like rifles and shotguns, as well as ammunition.